Package 'wordbankr'

Fit age of acquisition estimates for Wordbank data

Description

For each item in the input data, estimate its age of acquisition as the earliest age (in months) at which the proportion of children who understand/produce the item is greater than some threshold. The proportions used can be empirical or first smoothed by a model.

Usage

fit_aoa(
  instrument_data,
  measure = "produces",
  method = "glm",
  proportion = 0.5,
  age_min = min(instrument_data$age, na.rm = TRUE),
  age_max = max(instrument_data$age, na.rm = TRUE)
)

Arguments

instrument_data	A data frame returned by get_instrument_data, which must have an "age" column and a "num_item_id" column.
measure	One of "produces" or "understands" (defaults to "produces").
method	A string indicating which smoothing method to use: empirical to use empirical proportions, glm to fit a logistic linear model, glmrob a robust logistic linear model (defaults to glm).
proportion	A number between 0 and 1 indicating threshold proportion of children.
age_min	The minimum age to allow for an age of acquisition. Defaults to the minimum age in instrument_data
age_max	The maximum age to allow for an age of acquisition. Defaults to the maximum age in instrument_data

Value

A data frame where every row is an item, the item-level columns from the input data are preserved, and the aoa column contains the age of acquisition estimates.

Examples

eng_ws_data <- get_instrument_data(language = "English (American)",
                                   form = "WS",
                                   items = c("item_1", "item_42"),
                                   administration_info = TRUE)
if (!is.null(eng_ws_data)) eng_ws_aoa <- fit_aoa(eng_ws_data)

---

Fit quantiles to vocabulary sizes using quantile regression

Description

Fit quantiles to vocabulary sizes using quantile regression

Usage

fit_vocab_quantiles(vocab_data, measure, group, quantiles = "standard")

Arguments

vocab_data	A data frame returned by get_administration_data.
measure	A column of vocab_data with vocabulary values (production or comprehension).
group	(Optional) A column of vocab_data to group by.
quantiles	Either one of "standard" (default), "deciles", "quintiles", "quartiles", "median", or a numeric vector of quantile values.

Value

A data frame with the columns "language", "form", "age", group (if specified), "quantile", and measure, where measure is the fit vocabulary value for that quantile at that age.

Examples

eng_wg <- get_administration_data(language = "English (American)",
                                  form = "WG",
                                  include_demographic_info = TRUE)
if (!is.null(eng_wg)) {
  vocab_quantiles <- fit_vocab_quantiles(eng_wg, production)
  vocab_quantiles_sex <- fit_vocab_quantiles(eng_wg, production, sex)
  vocab_quartiles <- fit_vocab_quantiles(eng_wg, production, quantiles = "quartiles")
}

---

Get the Wordbank by-administration data

Description

Get the Wordbank by-administration data

Usage

get_administration_data(
  language = NULL,
  form = NULL,
  filter_age = TRUE,
  include_demographic_info = FALSE,
  include_birth_info = FALSE,
  include_health_conditions = FALSE,
  include_language_exposure = FALSE,
  include_study_internal_id = FALSE,
  version = "current"
)

Arguments

language	An optional string specifying which language's administrations to retrieve.
form	An optional string specifying which form's administrations to retrieve.
filter_age	A logical indicating whether to filter the administrations to ones in the instrument's age range.
include_demographic_info	A logical indicating whether to include the child's demographic information (birth_order, caregiver_education, ethnicity, race, sex).
include_birth_info	A logical indicating whether to include the child's birth information (birth_weight, born_early_or_late, gestational_age, zygosity).
include_health_conditions	A logical indicating whether to include the child's health condition information (a nested dataframe under health_conditions with the column health_condition_name).
include_language_exposure	A logical indicating whether to include the child's language exposure information at time of administration (a nested dataframe under language_exposures with the columns language, exposure_percentage, age_of_first_exposure).
include_study_internal_id	A logical indicating whether to include the child's ID in the original study data.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame where each row is a CDI administration and each column is a variable about the administration or the corresponding child, including which dataset_version it came from.

Examples

english_ws_admins <- get_administration_data("English (American)", "WS")

---

Get cached age-of-acquisition estimates

Description

Age-of-acquisition estimates for every word item on every instrument, precomputed with fit_aoa (glm method, 50 data release. aoa is NA for items that do not reach the threshold within the instrument's age range.

Usage

get_aoa(language = NULL, form = NULL, measure = NULL, version = "current")

Arguments

language	An optional string specifying which language's estimates to retrieve.
form	An optional string specifying which form's estimates to retrieve.
measure	An optional string ("produces" or "understands") to filter by measure.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame with one row per instrument item and measure: language, form, item_id, item_definition, category, uni_lemma, measure, aoa, dataset_version.

Examples

danish_aoa <- get_aoa(language = "Danish", form = "WS")

---

Get item-by-age summary statistics for items across languages

Description

Get item-by-age summary statistics for items across languages

Usage

get_crossling_data(uni_lemmas, version = "current")

Arguments

uni_lemmas	A character vector of uni_lemmas.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A dataframe with a row for each combination of language, item, and age, and columns for summary statistics for the group: number of children (n_children), means (comprehension, production), standard deviations (comprehension_sd, production_sd); and item-level variables (item_id, definition, uni_lemma, lexical_category, lexical_class, dataset_version).

Examples

## Not run: 
# downloads item-level data from every instrument, which takes minutes
crossling_data <- get_crossling_data(uni_lemmas = "dog")

## End(Not run)

---

Get the uni_lemmas available in Wordbank

Description

Get the uni_lemmas available in Wordbank

Usage

get_crossling_items(version = "current")

Arguments

version

A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame with the columns uni_lemma and dataset_version.

Examples

uni_lemmas <- get_crossling_items()

---

Get the Wordbank data sources

Description

Get the Wordbank data sources

Usage

get_datasets(
  language = NULL,
  form = NULL,
  admin_data = FALSE,
  version = "current"
)

Arguments

language	An optional string specifying which language's datasets to retrieve.
form	An optional string specifying which form's datasets to retrieve.
admin_data	A logical indicating whether to include the number of administrations in the dataset.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame where each row is a particular dataset and its characteristics, including which dataset_version it came from.

Examples

english_ws_datasets <- get_datasets("English (American)", "WS")

---

Get multilingual item embeddings

Description

Semantic embeddings for every unique word item definition, computed with Google's multilingual gemini-embedding-001 model (768 dimensions). All languages share one embedding space, so cosine similarities are meaningful both within and across languages.

Usage

get_embeddings(language = NULL, version = "current")

Arguments

language	An optional string specifying which language's embeddings to retrieve.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame with one row per unique item definition: language, item_definition, embedding (a list-column of numeric vectors), and dataset_version.

Examples

danish_embeddings <- get_embeddings(language = "Danish")

---

Get the Wordbank administration-by-item data

Description

Get the Wordbank administration-by-item data

Usage

get_instrument_data(
  language,
  form,
  items = NULL,
  administration_info = FALSE,
  item_info = FALSE,
  version = "current",
  ...
)

Arguments

language	A string of the instrument's language.
form	A string of the instrument's form.
items	A character vector of item ids (e.g. "item_42") to extract. If not supplied, defaults to all the instrument's items.
administration_info	Either a logical indicating whether to include administration data or a data frame of administration data (as returned by get_administration_data).
item_info	Either a logical indicating whether to include item data or a data frame of item data (as returned by get_item_data).
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.
...	Additional arguments, ignored (for backward compatibility).

Value

A data frame where each row contains the values (value, produces, understands) of a given item (item_id) for a given administration (data_id), with additional columns of variables about the administration and item, as specified, and dataset_version.

Examples

eng_ws_data <- get_instrument_data(language = "English (American)",
                                   form = "WS",
                                   items = c("item_1", "item_42"))

---

Get the Wordbank instruments

Description

Get the Wordbank instruments

Usage

get_instruments(version = "current")

Arguments

version

A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame where each row is a CDI instrument and each column is a variable about the instrument (instrument_id, language, form, form_type, age_min, age_max, has_grammar, unilemma_coverage, dataset_version).

Examples

instruments <- get_instruments()

---

Get the Wordbank by-item data

Description

Get the Wordbank by-item data

Usage

get_item_data(language = NULL, form = NULL, version = "current")

Arguments

language	An optional string specifying which language's items to retrieve.
form	An optional string specifying which form's items to retrieve.
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A data frame where each row is a CDI item and each column is a variable about it: item_id, item_kind, item_definition, english_gloss, language, form, form_type, category, lexical_category, lexical_class, complexity_category, uni_lemma, dataset_version.

Examples

english_ws_items <- get_item_data("English (American)", "WS")

---

Get item-by-age summary statistics

Description

Get item-by-age summary statistics

Usage

summarise_items(item_data, version = "current")

Arguments

item_data	A dataframe as returned by get_item_data().
version	A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A dataframe with a row for each combination of item and age, and columns for summary statistics for the group: number of children (n_children), means (comprehension, production), standard deviations (comprehension_sd, production_sd); also retains item-level variables from lang_items (item_id, item_definition, uni_lemma, lexical_category) and dataset_version.

Examples

italian_items <- get_item_data(language = "Italian", form = "WG")
if (!is.null(italian_items)) {
  italian_dog <- dplyr::filter(italian_items, uni_lemma == "dog")
  italian_dog_summary <- summarise_items(italian_dog)
}

---

The Wordbank dataset on Redivis

Description

Returns a reference to the Wordbank Redivis dataset (https://stanford.redivis.com/datasets/627v-9ewzpdvz0).

Usage

wb_dataset(version = "current")

Arguments

version

A string specifying which version of the Wordbank dataset to use, e.g. "v1.2" to pin a released version for reproducibility. Defaults to "current", the most recent release.

Value

A redivis dataset reference.

---